Jerusalem Living lab data dashboard
Living Lab
Jerusalem
Shared Mobility Services in this Living Lab
Policy Measures
Push measures
Push measures are restrictions designed to discourage private car use and reduce car dominance in urban environments.
Restricted parking
Reductions in available public parking to limit car access, especially in central zones.
Limited traffic zone/Pedestrianisation of streets
Car-free or low-emission zones that prioritize pedestrians, cyclists, and shared mobility.
Parking supply management
Policies that reduce or restructure parking supply to manage demand and encourage alternatives.
Speed limits
Lowering vehicle speed limits to improve safety and promote non-motorized travel.
Pull measures
Pull measures are incentives and improvements that make shared mobility and public transport more attractive and accessible.
Mobility hubs
Centralized locations where multiple transport modes (e.g., bikes, buses, taxis) are integrated.
Improved NSM infrastructure, e.g. bike lanes & "park & ride"
New infrastructure like bike lanes, "park & ride" stations to support non-car travel.
On demand vehicle sharing action plan
Access to shared vehicles (cars, bikes, e-scooters) on demand via apps or stations.
Introduction of new NSM services
Launch of bike-sharing, scooter-sharing, or other new transport options.
Introduction of new PT infrastructures/lines
Deployment of new public transport lines like electric buses or tram extensions.
Dedicated parking spaces for carsharing/micromobility
Reserved spaces to support the use of shared cars or micromobility vehicles.
Widening PT geographical area
Extending public transport coverage to reach underserved zones.
Central PT planning and construction program
Comprehensive public transport network planning to enhance coordination and efficiency.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Modal Split
Modal Split in vehicle kilometers
2017
2025
Modal Split in passenger kilometers
2017
2025
Modal Split in trips
2017
2025
Policies
Community Involvement
4
February 2026
4 in 2023
0.00Balance of pull - push measures
31.8x
March 2026
0.7x in 2023
-31.09xNumber of NSM integrated in the system
4
February 2026
4 in 2023
0.00Transport System - Time
Perceived door-to-door travel time ratio
taxi [off-peak]
0.6x
Feb 2026public transport [off-peak]
2.0x
Feb 2026bicycle [off - peak]
0.6x
Feb 2026taxi [peak]
0.5x
Feb 2026public transport [peak]
1.5x
Feb 2026bicycle [peak]
0.4x
Feb 2026Actual door-to-door travel time
1.0x
February 2026
1.0x in 2023
+0.06xTransport System - Safety/Comfort
Perceived safety diff
personal safety diff - taxi
-1.26
Feb 2026personal safety diff - public transport
-1.56
Feb 2026personal safety diff - bicycle
-1.65
Feb 2026traffic safety diff - taxi
-0.09
Feb 2026safety diff - public transport
0.08
Feb 2026safety diff - bicycle
-1.51
Feb 2026Intention level to use NSM
car-sharing
6%
Sep 2023micro-mobility
6%
Feb 2026ride-hailing
5%
Sep 2023User satisfaction
21%
February 2026
41% in 2023
-20.30%Transport System - Cost
Travel cost ratio
public transport #1
0.6x
Feb 2026public transport #2
0.6x
Feb 2026car sharing #1
0.9x
Feb 2026car sharing #2
0.4x
Feb 2026micro-mobility #1
1.5x
Feb 2026micro-mobility #2
1.2x
Feb 2026Perceived affordability
14%
February 2026
14% in 2023
-0.33%Impact - Environment
Greenhouse emissions
1.68
February 2026
1.88 in 2023
+0.20Air pollution emissions
2.35
February 2026
2.24 in 2023
-0.11Energy consumption ratio
3.19
February 2026
1.39 in 2023
-1.80Impact - Economy
Congestion and travel delays
3.0x
March 2026
1.3x in 2023
-1.67x