Munich Living lab data dashboard
Living Lab
Munich
Shared Mobility Services
Carsharing
Micromobility
Ride hailing
Taxi
🔴 Push measures
Parking charges
Increased parking fees to discourage long-term car use and promote modal shift.
Increased parking fees to discourage long-term car use and promote modal shift.
- An increase in parking fees is planned: the hourly rate is to rise from the current €1 to up to €1.90, while the daily rate will increase from €10 to €11. Expecting less commuter and long-term parking in residential areas and stronger traffic management effect, modal shift
Restricted parking
Reductions in available public parking to limit car access, especially in central zones.
Reductions in available public parking to limit car access, especially in central zones.
- 76 residential parking permit areas (+5 coming in 2025). Expected reduction of search traffic for parking and increase of land-use efficiency, modal shift
Parking supply management
Policies that reduce or restructure parking supply to manage demand and encourage alternatives.
Policies that reduce or restructure parking supply to manage demand and encourage alternatives.
Speed limits
Lowering vehicle speed limits to improve safety and promote non-motorized travel.
Lowering vehicle speed limits to improve safety and promote non-motorized travel.
🟢 Pull measures
Mobility hubs
Centralized locations where multiple transport modes (e.g., bikes, buses, taxis) are integrated.
Centralized locations where multiple transport modes (e.g., bikes, buses, taxis) are integrated.
May 2025
200 mobility hubs until 2026. Expecting the strengthening of sustainable modes of transport, reduction of car traffic, increase in intermodal mobility, supporting accessibility, reduction of land use, modal shift.
Other activities : Identification of car-sharing hotspots based on start and end points of trips and comparison with existing and planned mobility hubs / carsharing infrastructure.
Scheduling integration in MaaS services
Coordinated schedules across transport services to streamline connections.
Coordinated schedules across transport services to streamline connections.
Improved NSM infrastructure, e.g. bike lanes & "park & ride"
New infrastructure like bike lanes, "park & ride" stations to support non-car travel.
New infrastructure like bike lanes, "park & ride" stations to support non-car travel.
Building 675 parking spaces for shared micromobility 1,000 additional bicycle parking spaces 40-50 projects for bike lanes covering 450 km and 2,30 width.
Expected road safety, better availability and accessability of e-scooters, bikes, cargo bike, increase in intermodal mobility, modal shift
On demand vehicle sharing action plan
Access to shared vehicles (cars, bikes, e-scooters) on demand via apps or stations.
Access to shared vehicles (cars, bikes, e-scooters) on demand via apps or stations.
Dynamic pricing of NSM
Flexible pricing (e.g., cheaper off-peak rides) to balance demand and promote use.
Flexible pricing (e.g., cheaper off-peak rides) to balance demand and promote use.
Improved information about the availability of shared modes
Real-time data on vehicle availability and travel options via digital platforms.
Real-time data on vehicle availability and travel options via digital platforms.
All micromobility and (almost all) carsharing companies are integrated in the two mobility apps of Munich.
Expecting better accessibility of shared mobility, easy routing, modal shift
Streets retrofitting/introduction of priority lanes
Street redesign for better walking/cycling and priority lanes for buses or shared modes.
Street redesign for better walking/cycling and priority lanes for buses or shared modes.
Dedicated parking spaces for carsharing/micromobility
Reserved spaces to support the use of shared cars or micromobility vehicles.
Reserved spaces to support the use of shared cars or micromobility vehicles.
May 2025
Identification of key routes and hotspots of carsharing that are poorly covered by public transportation for alternative shared mobility services.
Building up to 1600 parking spaces for Carsharing.
Widening PT geographical area
Extending public transport coverage to reach underserved zones.
Extending public transport coverage to reach underserved zones.
Central PT planning and construction program
Comprehensive public transport network planning to enhance coordination and efficiency.
Comprehensive public transport network planning to enhance coordination and efficiency.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Modal Split
Modal Split in vehicle kilometers
Before (2024)
Modal Split in passenger kilometers
Before (2024)
Modal Split in trips
Before (2024)
Policies
Community Involvement
number of activities organized
0.00
September 2023
Number of NSM integrated in the system
number of services integrated
5.00
September 2023
Transport System - Time
Actual door-to-door travel time
time ratio of NSM+PT over private car
car-sharing only
1.2x
Sep 2023micro-mobility only
1.8x
Sep 2023ride-hailing and shuttle services only
1.2x
Sep 2023public Transport only
0.9x
Sep 2023public transport and car-sharing
1.8x
Sep 2023public transport and micro-mobility
1.7x
Sep 2023public transport and ride-hailing or shuttle services
1.9x
Sep 2023Perceived door-to-door travel time ratio
time ratio of NSM+PT over private car
taxi [off-peak]
0.9x
Sep 2023public transport [off-peak]
1.3x
Sep 2023bicycle [off - peak]
1.4x
Sep 2023taxi [peak]
0.8x
Sep 2023public transport [peak]
1.0x
Sep 2023bicycle [peak]
1.1x
Sep 2023Transport System - Safety/Comfort
Perceived safety diff
safety levels (from -5 to 5)
personal safety diff - taxi
0.28
Sep 2023personal safety diff - public transport
0.27
Sep 2023personal safety diff - bicycle
-0.00
Sep 2023traffic safety diff - taxi
-0.10
Sep 2023safety diff - public transport
-0.43
Sep 2023safety diff - bicycle
-0.07
Sep 2023Intention level to use NSM
% of respondents intending to use of continue using NSM
car-sharing
5.00%
Sep 2023micro-mobility
5.00%
Sep 2023ride-hailing
2.50%
Sep 2023User satisfaction
% of satisfied users
85.64%
September 2023
Transport System - Cost
Travel cost ratio
cost ratio of using NSM+PT over private car
public transport #1
0.3x
Sep 2023public transport #2
0.3x
Sep 2023public transport #3
0.3x
Sep 2023car sharing #1
1.6x
Sep 2023car sharing #2
1.6x
Sep 2023micro-mobility #1
1.6x
Sep 2023micro-mobility #2
1.6x
Sep 2023ride-hailing and shuttle services #1
0.0x
Sep 2023ride-hailing and shuttle services #2
0.0x
Sep 2023Perceived affordability
% of monthly household budget spent in travelling
14.68%
September 2023
Impact - Environment
Greenhouse emissions
tons/y/cap
0.00
September 2023