Munich — SUM Living Lab data dashboard
SUM Living Lab
Munich
Population
2M
Area (km²)
1257
Shared Mobility Services in this Living Lab
Policy Measures
Push measures
Push measures are restrictions designed to discourage private car use and reduce car dominance in urban environments.
Parking charges
Increased parking fees to discourage long-term car use and promote modal shift.
Restricted parking
Reductions in available public parking to limit car access, especially in central zones.
Parking supply management
Policies that reduce or restructure parking supply to manage demand and encourage alternatives.
Speed limits
Lowering vehicle speed limits to improve safety and promote non-motorized travel.
Pull measures
Pull measures are incentives and improvements that make shared mobility and public transport more attractive and accessible.
Mobility hubs
Centralized locations where multiple transport modes (e.g., bikes, buses, taxis) are integrated.
Scheduling integration in MaaS services
Coordinated schedules across transport services to streamline connections.
Improved NSM infrastructure, e.g. bike lanes & "park & ride"
New infrastructure like bike lanes, "park & ride" stations to support non-car travel.
On demand vehicle sharing action plan
Access to shared vehicles (cars, bikes, e-scooters) on demand via apps or stations.
Dynamic pricing of NSM
Flexible pricing (e.g., cheaper off-peak rides) to balance demand and promote use.
Improved information about the availability of shared modes
Real-time data on vehicle availability and travel options via digital platforms.
Streets retrofitting/introduction of priority lanes
Street redesign for better walking/cycling and priority lanes for buses or shared modes.
Dedicated parking spaces for carsharing/micromobility
Reserved spaces to support the use of shared cars or micromobility vehicles.
Widening PT geographical area
Extending public transport coverage to reach underserved zones.
Central PT planning and construction program
Comprehensive public transport network planning to enhance coordination and efficiency.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Modal Split
Modal Split in vehicle kilometers
2024
2026
Modal Split in passenger kilometers
2024
2026
Modal Split in trips
2024
2026
Transport System - Time
Actual door-to-door travel time
ratio · Lower is better
car-sharing only
ratio · Lower is better
1.2x
September 2023
micro-mobility only
ratio · Lower is better
1.8x
September 2023
ride-hailing and shuttle services only
ratio · Lower is better
1.2x
September 2023
public Transport only
ratio · Lower is better
0.9x
September 2023
public transport and car-sharing
ratio · Lower is better
1.8x
September 2023
public transport and micro-mobility
ratio · Lower is better
1.7x
September 2023
public transport and ride-hailing or shuttle services
ratio · Lower is better
1.9x
September 2023
Perceived door-to-door travel time ratio
ratio · Lower is better
taxi [off-peak]
ratio · Lower is better
0.9x
September 2023
public transport [off-peak]
ratio · Lower is better
1.3x
September 2023
bicycle [off - peak]
ratio · Lower is better
1.4x
September 2023
taxi [peak]
ratio · Lower is better
0.8x
September 2023
public transport [peak]
ratio · Lower is better
1.0x
September 2023
bicycle [peak]
ratio · Lower is better
1.1x
September 2023
Transport System - Safety/Comfort
Perceived safety diff
score · Higher is better
personal safety diff - taxi
score · Higher is better
0.28
September 2023
personal safety diff - public transport
score · Higher is better
0.27
September 2023
personal safety diff - bicycle
score · Higher is better
0
September 2023
traffic safety diff - taxi
score · Higher is better
-0.1
September 2023
safety diff - public transport
score · Higher is better
-0.43
September 2023
safety diff - bicycle
score · Higher is better
-0.07
September 2023
Active mobility infrastructure
% · Higher is better
% · Higher is better
70%
September 2023
Multimodal integration in stations/stops
% · Higher is better
% · Higher is better
48%
September 2023
User satisfaction
score · Higher is better
score · Higher is better
86%
September 2023
Transport System - Cost
Travel cost ratio
ratio · Lower is better
public transport #1
ratio · Lower is better
0.3x
September 2023
public transport #2
ratio · Lower is better
0.3x
September 2023
public transport #3
ratio · Lower is better
0.3x
September 2023
car sharing #1
ratio · Lower is better
1.6x
September 2023
car sharing #2
ratio · Lower is better
1.6x
September 2023
micro-mobility #1
ratio · Lower is better
1.6x
September 2023
micro-mobility #2
ratio · Lower is better
1.6x
September 2023
ride-hailing and shuttle services #1
ratio · Lower is better
0.0x
September 2023
ride-hailing and shuttle services #2
ratio · Lower is better
0.0x
September 2023
Perceived affordability
% · Higher is better
% · Higher is better
15%
September 2023
Impact - Environment
Greenhouse emissions
· Lower is better
· Lower is better
1.5
September 2023